Introduction
A benign orbital tumour involving the capillary system that usually grows within 1st years.
- Typically 70% by age 7.
- Typically 40% by age 4.
- Typically 80% by age 8.
Cavernous is the most common benign vascular orbital tumour in adults
- ~70% females, presenting in 4th - 5th decade
- Unilateral painless proptosis typically intraconal to the muscle cone
- Benign, encapsulated vascular lesion with endothelial-lined large vascular channels
- Typically seen just behind globe → refer to CT scan
Dead Giveaways
Primarily done through observation as well as CT scans and MRIs:
CT:
Sometimes may be missed if small. Typically doesn't present with bone erosions or tissue disturbances. MRI:
Well-circumscribed and sometimes lobulated tumour. Observations:
Abnormal red tumour Enlarges and can change colour.
Sometimes, colour change occurs with crying
Feels spongy on touch
Upper eyelid can present with proptosis
Can further induce astigmatic anisometropia, strabismus or occlusion.
Strabismus occurs from orbital haemangioma causing displacement or involvement of EOM.
diagnostic features
Risks:
Can cause risk of form deprivation amblyopia
Treatment:
Possible treatment includes laser, steroid injection, surgical resection (rarely done)
For cavernous haemangioma, typically treated via surgical excision.