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Retinal Holes

Introduction

The retinal holes are full thickness holes which form and typically have a low chance of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) progression.

Dead Giveaways

Atrophic Retinal Holes

  • Caused by progressive retinal thinning and not caused by traction

  • Round, full-thickness breaks

    Shows the atrophic holes
    Shows the atrophic holes
    Shows the hole in OCT
    Shows the hole in OCT

Operculated Retinal Holes

  • Is caused by traction

  • Area of strong vitreoretinal attraction and traction from mobile vitreous leads to a plug of retina that is removed

  • The removed retinal is called the operculum

  • The operculum floats as a white disc shaped floater

  • The operculum is fibrous, and will contract and decrease in size over time

    Review of Optometry. Shows the operculated hole with the operculum
    Review of Optometry. Shows the operculated hole with the operculum
    Retina specialist shows the operculated hole and the operculum
    Retina specialist shows the operculated hole and the operculum

diagnostic features

RRD Risk of Progression:

  • Atrophic Holes

    • There is no traction, and so RPE active transport may be enough to keep the neurosensory retina attached.

    • Chance of RRD is <7%, but higher if subclinical detachment is >2DD

  • Operculated Holes

    • 80% occur after PVD, and has low progression risk to RD

2025, made by Eric Qin. UNSW. SOVS

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